The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is taking decisive action to address the pressing protection concerns faced by mixed migrants along the Southern migratory routes. As migration continues to increase in the 21st century, it is crucial to understand and mitigate the risks faced by vulnerable individuals on the move.

The IOM's Senior Regional Thematic Specialist on Protection, Fitriana Nur, recently presented findings on the challenges and vulnerabilities encountered by mixed migrants during the Inter-Regional Consultation on Mixed Movement. The consultation shed light on the complexities of mixed migration, also known as mixed movement or mixed flows, where individuals with diverse motivations and legal statuses travel together using similar routes and means of transport.

The Southern African region, hosting 6.4 million international migrants, is a prominent area where mixed movements occur. The IOM estimates that economic reasons primarily drive migration in this region. However, vulnerable populations, such as refugees, asylum seekers, unaccompanied children, and victims of trafficking, also form part of these mixed movements along the Southern routes.

Tragically, mixed migrants on these routes face rampant human rights violations, including exploitation by criminal networks, corrupt officials, and gang members. The IOM has collected distressing data revealing high rates of physical, psychological, sexual, and labor exploitation endured by these vulnerable individuals. Disturbingly, migrant deaths and disappearances have also been reported, underscoring the urgent need for intervention.

The IOM's recent pilot study funded through the Southern African Migration Migration (SAMM) program has uncovered new evidence indicating that the Southern routes, which have been active since the 1990s, continue to present substantial risks to mixed migrants. The study highlights the interconnected drivers of migration, including inequalities, political instability, cheap labor demands, and the lack of protection in origin countries.

To combat these challenges, the IOM is actively working towards ensuring the protection and welfare of mixed migrants in collaboration with member states and stakeholders. The organization advocates for a rights-based approach, prioritizing the needs and vulnerabilities of individuals regardless of their legal status. The regional migration policy frameworks in place, such as the SADC Regional Migration Policy Framework and Action Plan 2022 to 2030, emphasize the significance of dismantling smuggling networks, addressing root causes, and providing comprehensive support and protection to victims.

Through increased cross-border dialogues and cooperation, the IOM aims to strengthen information sharing, case management, and the implementation of international human rights law. Technical guides on irregular migration and the application of protection measures are being developed to assist member states in formulating comprehensive migration policies.

The IOM acknowledges the crucial role of national referral mechanisms, extending their coverage to all vulnerable migrants, and ensuring clear referral pathways for support and protection. Additionally, the Organization is committed to leaving no one behind, with a particular focus on child-sensitive and gender-sensitive approaches.

The International Organization for Migration's Regional Office for Southern Africa remains dedicated to actively addressing the protection concerns faced by mixed migrants in the region.

For more information contact Fitriana Nur finur@iom.int.